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In a 21-provider census, only DeepSeek and Mistral publish training-data summaries in the EU's template
DeepSeek and Mistral are the only 2 of 21 large AI providers publishing a training-data summary in the EU AI Act's template, a dev.to census found. Most of the rest describe training data inside model cards, so buyers on EU contracts have to check the template's fields by hand.
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What happened
- Article 53(1)(d) of the AI Act applies the training-content summary duty to every general-purpose model provider, open-source and free models included.
- A December 2025 post by the watchdog Open Future found the US majors' model-card text "does not remotely resemble" the Commission's template.
- OpenAI's GPT-6.1 Sol system card, dated September 29, 2026, gives its whole Model Data and Training section one sentence pointing to the GPT-6 Astra card.
- Anthropic's 149-page Claude Sonnet 4.5 system card gives training data two paragraphs, with no authorised-representative line, placement date or modality brackets.
Compiled by The EngineerSomething wrong?How this is made
Why it matters
- constraint Procurement teams cannot cite the census as proof a vendor is in breach; at most it shows the vendor has not published the template layout for that model.
- decision A vendor questionnaire can now ask for the template's three sections by name, per model version, before accepting a model card as the answer.
- exposure Providers of models placed on the EU market after August 2, 2025 that rely on card-only disclosure have no transition window to point to while AI Office enforcement is live.
For 125 days, providers owed a summary "according to a template provided by the AI Office" that the AI Office had not yet provided [3][22]. The obligation applied from August 2, 2025 [4]. The Commission published the form on December 5, 2025, as C(2025) 8311 final, with an Explanatory Notice attached [1].
The form is short, and each field can be checked against a vendor document. Section 1 asks for the provider, the EU authorised representative, a versioned model name and the EU market-placement date [1]. It also wants modality, per-modality data-size brackets and types of content [1]. Section 2 is a list of data sources, and section 3 covers data processing [1]. The Commission calls the template "a common minimal baseline" [2].
According to the census, DeepSeek publishes per-model summaries, and its V3.2 summary is essentially that form filled in [7]. It is version 1, updated September 3, 2026, and runs five pages [7]. It names an EU authorised representative, gives a versioned model ID and per-modality size brackets, and carries a text-and-data-mining reservation [7]. Its source list names Common Crawl, Stack Exchange, licensed data and synthetic data, and states no user data [7]. The listed EU placement date, August 21, 2025, is 19 days after the obligation started, so this model gets no transition period [21]. Versioning the summary per model is the correct engineering choice. A buyer can record which version was reviewed and diff the next one. Mistral's legal center holds lifecycle and technical documents for each of its 42 models, and Large 3 has its own dedicated summary [8].
The other 19 providers publish model cards, technical reports or system cards [9]. Some are detailed. The census points to Qwen3's token composition, Aleph Alpha's 20T breakdown and Kimi K2's report, yet none of them is a dedicated summary structured against the template [9]. Google's Gemini 3 Pro card gives training data one paragraph [12]. Meta's Llama 4 card gives it two lines plus token counts [13]. Of Anthropic's card, the census authors wrote: "Big safety effort, thin template conformance." [15]
The 2-of-21 figure describes the authors' sample. For it to describe a given contract, the vendor has to be in the sample, the model under contract has to be the one checked, and nothing new can have been published since the check. The 21 providers were chosen by the authors' judgment, and they say the sample is non-random [16]. Every document was fetched on October 8, 2026 [6], 67 days after AI Office enforcement began [20]. The top grade requires a dedicated summary whose structure matches the template's three sections [17]. The authors concede a provider could plausibly argue that a richer card covers the fields [18]. Models placed on the EU market before August 2, 2025 also have until August 2, 2027 [5], and the census does not say which of the 19 fall in that window.
In my view the buyer's question is narrow: whether the vendor publishes a document with the template's three sections for the exact model version under contract. On October 8, the public record held DeepSeek's per-model summaries and Mistral's summary for Large 3 [6][8].
What to watch
- The census's next dated issue, and whether OpenAI, Google, Meta or Anthropic publish a dedicated summary in the template's three sections before it.
- Any AI Office decision or guidance on whether a detailed model card in a different layout satisfies Article 53(1)(d).
- August 2, 2027, when models placed on the EU market before August 2, 2025 lose their transition period.
Clarity's read
What the record supports and how the coverage leans. The claims behind it follow.
Reality
- Evidence55
- Adoption10
- Hype gap+20
- Incentives40
- Confidence50
Claim ledger
Ranked by verification strength, evidence, and original report placement.
- [1]
The Commission published the template on 5 December 2025 (C(2025) 8311 final): an Explanatory Notice plus a fill-in form with three sections: 1. General information (provider, EU authorised representative, versioned model name, EU market-placement date, modality and per-modality data-size brackets, types of content), 2. List of data sources, 3. Data processing aspects.
ReportedSupportedSource: dev.to conformance census2 sources— create a free account to open themView cited source - [2]
The Commission calls the template "a common minimal baseline"; more detail is permitted.
ReportedSupportedSource: dev.to conformance census, citing the Commission2 sources— create a free account to open themView cited source - [3]
Article 53(1)(d) of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (the AI Act) obliges all providers of general-purpose AI models, including open-source and free ones for this specific obligation, to make a public summary of training content available "according to a template provided by the AI Office".
- [4]
The training-content summary obligation applies as of 2 August 2025.
- [5]
Models placed on the EU market before 2 August 2025 have until 2 August 2027 to comply, and the AI Office's supervision and enforcement of GPAI rules starts 2 August 2026.
- [6]
The census checked 21 major GPAI providers on 2026-10-08 by reading the providers' own documents; two, DeepSeek and Mistral, publish a dedicated, template-shaped "Public Summary of Training Content".
- [7]
DeepSeek publishes per-model summaries; its V3.2 summary (v1, updated 2026-09-03, 5 pages) is essentially the template filled in: EU authorised representative, versioned model ID, EU market-placement date (2025-08-21), per-modality size brackets, a source list (Common Crawl, Stack Exchange, licensed data, no user data, synthetic data), and a text-and-data-mining reservation.
- [8]
Mistral has a legal center covering 42 models with per-model lifecycle and technical documentation, plus a dedicated "Public Summary of Training Content" for Large 3.
- [9]
The remaining 19 providers publish model cards, technical reports, or system cards that describe training data in a paragraph, a table, or a citation to another document; some are detailed (Qwen3's token composition, Aleph Alpha's 20T breakdown, Kimi K2's report), but none is a dedicated summary structured against the template.
- [10]
A December 2025 watchdog post by Open Future ("5+3+3=0 transparency") quoted the US majors' model-card text and found it "does not remotely resemble" the template.
- [11]
OpenAI's GPT-6.1 Sol system card, dated 2026-09-29, devotes its entire "Model Data and Training" section to one sentence pointing at the GPT-6 Astra card.
- [12]
Google's Gemini 3 Pro model card gives one paragraph on training data.
- [13]
Meta's Llama 4 model card gives two lines plus token counts on training data.
- [14]
Anthropic's 149-page Claude Sonnet 4.5 system card has a training-data section of two paragraphs, with no authorised-representative line, no placement date and no modality brackets.
- [15]
Big safety effort, thin template conformance.
ReportedSupportedSource: dev.to census authors, on Anthropic's Claude Sonnet 4.5 system cardView cited source - [16]
The sample is the 21 largest GPAI providers by the authors' judgment (the original 20 plus Anthropic); the authors say it is non-random, and the table is a snapshot, not a live index.
- [17]
The top grade (T3) requires a dedicated summary whose structure matches the template's three sections.
- [18]
The authors say a provider could plausibly argue a richer card "covers" the template's fields.
- [19]
The census describes itself as the first issue of a small, dated, verifiable conformance census.
- [20]
The census check on 2026-10-08 came 67 days after AI Office enforcement of GPAI rules began.
- [21]
DeepSeek V3.2's listed EU placement date is 19 days after the obligation started, so the 2027 transition window for earlier models does not apply to it.
- [22]
125 days passed between the obligation applying and the Commission publishing the template.
Sources
1 independent publisher whose own reporting we read for this story.
- dev.toOnly 2 of 21 AI Providers Publish the Document the EU AI Act Asks For
1 article · October 8, 2026
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