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In a 21-provider census, only DeepSeek and Mistral publish training-data summaries in the EU's template

DeepSeek and Mistral are the only 2 of 21 large AI providers publishing a training-data summary in the EU AI Act's template, a dev.to census found. Most of the rest describe training data inside model cards, so buyers on EU contracts have to check the template's fields by hand.

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Illustration accompanying In a 21-provider census, only DeepSeek and Mistral publish training-data summaries in the EU's template
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What happened

  • Article 53(1)(d) of the AI Act applies the training-content summary duty to every general-purpose model provider, open-source and free models included.
  • A December 2025 post by the watchdog Open Future found the US majors' model-card text "does not remotely resemble" the Commission's template.
  • OpenAI's GPT-6.1 Sol system card, dated September 29, 2026, gives its whole Model Data and Training section one sentence pointing to the GPT-6 Astra card.
  • Anthropic's 149-page Claude Sonnet 4.5 system card gives training data two paragraphs, with no authorised-representative line, placement date or modality brackets.

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Why it matters

  • constraint Procurement teams cannot cite the census as proof a vendor is in breach; at most it shows the vendor has not published the template layout for that model.
  • decision A vendor questionnaire can now ask for the template's three sections by name, per model version, before accepting a model card as the answer.
  • exposure Providers of models placed on the EU market after August 2, 2025 that rely on card-only disclosure have no transition window to point to while AI Office enforcement is live.

For 125 days, providers owed a summary "according to a template provided by the AI Office" that the AI Office had not yet provided [3][22]. The obligation applied from August 2, 2025 [4]. The Commission published the form on December 5, 2025, as C(2025) 8311 final, with an Explanatory Notice attached [1].

The form is short, and each field can be checked against a vendor document. Section 1 asks for the provider, the EU authorised representative, a versioned model name and the EU market-placement date [1]. It also wants modality, per-modality data-size brackets and types of content [1]. Section 2 is a list of data sources, and section 3 covers data processing [1]. The Commission calls the template "a common minimal baseline" [2].

According to the census, DeepSeek publishes per-model summaries, and its V3.2 summary is essentially that form filled in [7]. It is version 1, updated September 3, 2026, and runs five pages [7]. It names an EU authorised representative, gives a versioned model ID and per-modality size brackets, and carries a text-and-data-mining reservation [7]. Its source list names Common Crawl, Stack Exchange, licensed data and synthetic data, and states no user data [7]. The listed EU placement date, August 21, 2025, is 19 days after the obligation started, so this model gets no transition period [21]. Versioning the summary per model is the correct engineering choice. A buyer can record which version was reviewed and diff the next one. Mistral's legal center holds lifecycle and technical documents for each of its 42 models, and Large 3 has its own dedicated summary [8].

The other 19 providers publish model cards, technical reports or system cards [9]. Some are detailed. The census points to Qwen3's token composition, Aleph Alpha's 20T breakdown and Kimi K2's report, yet none of them is a dedicated summary structured against the template [9]. Google's Gemini 3 Pro card gives training data one paragraph [12]. Meta's Llama 4 card gives it two lines plus token counts [13]. Of Anthropic's card, the census authors wrote: "Big safety effort, thin template conformance." [15]

The 2-of-21 figure describes the authors' sample. For it to describe a given contract, the vendor has to be in the sample, the model under contract has to be the one checked, and nothing new can have been published since the check. The 21 providers were chosen by the authors' judgment, and they say the sample is non-random [16]. Every document was fetched on October 8, 2026 [6], 67 days after AI Office enforcement began [20]. The top grade requires a dedicated summary whose structure matches the template's three sections [17]. The authors concede a provider could plausibly argue that a richer card covers the fields [18]. Models placed on the EU market before August 2, 2025 also have until August 2, 2027 [5], and the census does not say which of the 19 fall in that window.

In my view the buyer's question is narrow: whether the vendor publishes a document with the template's three sections for the exact model version under contract. On October 8, the public record held DeepSeek's per-model summaries and Mistral's summary for Large 3 [6][8].

What to watch

  • The census's next dated issue, and whether OpenAI, Google, Meta or Anthropic publish a dedicated summary in the template's three sections before it.
  • Any AI Office decision or guidance on whether a detailed model card in a different layout satisfies Article 53(1)(d).
  • August 2, 2027, when models placed on the EU market before August 2, 2025 lose their transition period.

Clarity's read

What the record supports and how the coverage leans. The claims behind it follow.

Reality

Evidence55
Adoption10
Hype gap+20
Incentives40
Confidence50
Why these scores

Claim ledger

Ranked by verification strength, evidence, and original report placement.

  1. [1]

    The Commission published the template on 5 December 2025 (C(2025) 8311 final): an Explanatory Notice plus a fill-in form with three sections: 1. General information (provider, EU authorised representative, versioned model name, EU market-placement date, modality and per-modality data-size brackets, types of content), 2. List of data sources, 3. Data processing aspects.

    ReportedSupportedSource: dev.to conformance census2 sources— create a free account to open themView cited source
  2. [2]

    The Commission calls the template "a common minimal baseline"; more detail is permitted.

    ReportedSupportedSource: dev.to conformance census, citing the Commission2 sources— create a free account to open themView cited source
  3. [3]

    Article 53(1)(d) of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (the AI Act) obliges all providers of general-purpose AI models, including open-source and free ones for this specific obligation, to make a public summary of training content available "according to a template provided by the AI Office".

    ReportedSupportedSource: dev.to conformance censusView cited source

Sources

1 independent publisher whose own reporting we read for this story.

  1. dev.to

    1 article · October 8, 2026

    Only 2 of 21 AI Providers Publish the Document the EU AI Act Asks For

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