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China's top state-run research institution, overseeing hundreds of institutes spanning natural sciences, engineering, and space research.
Researchers found 159 R2 retrotransposons in 1,139 avian genomes and engineered variants that reached up to 60% gene insertion in human primary cells. These are RNA-only tools, able to add a gene to the genome without delivering any DNA to the cell.
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Smile, a European-Chinese mission, began science operations after its ultraviolet camera caught a daylight aurora over the North Pole. The July frames show the hardware works, and findings on solar particles and Earth's magnetic field still await more data and a recalibrated X-ray imager.
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Chinese Academy of Sciences scientists found gamma-iron, never before seen in natural lunar material, as the main iron in two Chang'e-6 impact-glass samples. The mineral is a new candidate recorder of the Moon's lost magnetic field, though the team says further work must show how much it can reveal.
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Physicists at the University of Science and Technology of China lifted six-layer NbSe2's transition temperature by up to 5.4% inside a terahertz dark cavity. The Nature paper suggests a superconductor can be tuned through its surroundings alone, so far shown in one ultrathin compound.
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Astronomers timing PSR J1856-0039 with China's FAST telescope found the lowest combined mass of any known double neutron star system. The orbit shrinks as general relativity predicts, and formation models now have a lighter pair to account for.
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Murray Barrett's group at Singapore's Centre for Quantum Technologies spent more than a decade on an element no other timekeeping lab uses, and now reports one part in 10^19 for a single lutetium ion clock. A redefinition of the second is expected in or after 2030.
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ESA cleared the joint European-Chinese Smile mission for science on 23 September, after 95 days of commissioning in orbit. Its aurora camera is recording now, while the X-ray imager meant to map the magnetopause waits for stray light to fade in mid-October.
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Chinese Academy of Sciences researchers project warming will cut the South Asian monsoon's share of Mediterranean summer rain variance from 14.2% to 5.1%. The high-emissions projection is about what causes rain to swing from one summer to the next, and it does not say whether the region's summers will get wetter.
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China's Journal Excellence Action Plan funds 450 journals and 13 domestic publishers to build prestige titles that China owns outright. One of them is Vita, a fee-free biology journal whose standing will rest on whether leading labs in China and abroad send it their best work.
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InterSecLab's teardown of a Geedge Networks leak makes national censorship a procurement item. For anyone running networks or staff in Kazakhstan, Ethiopia, Pakistan or Myanmar, that is supply chain.
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Filed as a crustacean larva for four decades, Chosha praecursor turns out to be an adult female insect with nine pairs of abdominal limbs, and it argues that the move onto land ran through a long semiaquatic stretch.
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Star formation has fallen to under half its rate of 4.5 billion years ago, but a FAST and DESI measurement finds the atomic hydrogen reservoir down only about a third, which moves the bottleneck downstream.
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A PNAS team sampled about 700 soils from seven undisturbed forest plots between the Tibetan Plateau and Thailand's lowlands, and found nematode diversity tracking plant turnover, with body width predicting how communities assemble.
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A 45-year global analysis in Nature Climate Change finds heat wave seasons opening earlier and closing later, with the back end of the season drifting later at nearly twice the rate the front end moves forward.
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The Einstein Probe found the X-ray tail of PSR J1740+1000 running about 42 light-years southwest, in the same direction as ultrahigh-energy gamma rays LHAASO had no clear counterpart for.
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A team led by Mingsheng Zhan compared the freefall of two rubidium isotopes aboard the China Space Station. The 2.8 x 10^-8 uncertainty they report is the best any quantum test has managed. It is also well short of what macroscopic experiments already do.
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Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences report an early sub-3nm transistor route built on lithography tools China can still import. Whether export controls cap advanced nodes or only slow them turns on wafer-level results still to come.
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The demonstration line recovers 98 percent of the cesium and 95 percent of the rubidium from residue that lithium refiners used to discard, which ties two specialty metals to somebody else's lithium throughput rather than to their own demand.
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Because the Lambda decays too fast to sit in a field, BESIII read its electric dipole moment off the correlated spins of entangled pairs, and found nothing above 10^-19 e cm, three orders below the only prior direct limit.
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Fu Qiaomei's team sampled 11 sites in northwestern China spanning some 1,700 years. Nine yielded western-derived crops or livestock, and none of the 149 individuals carried detectable western Eurasian or Central Asian ancestry.
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