InvestReports disagree4 publishers3 min readPublished Updated
StarkWare put a quantum-safe bitcoin spend on mainnet, and priced it at $75 to $150
The construction runs inside today's Script limits, so no soft fork was needed. The cost of quantum defence moves instead onto the individual holder, at $75 to $150 per transaction.
The Investor · Invest desk

What happened
- StarkWare mined what it says is the first quantum-safe Bitcoin transaction on mainnet on August 26, 2026, and published the transaction ID.
- Off-chain computation for one such transaction is currently estimated at $75 to $150.
- Because the transaction is nonstandard, it reached a miner through MARA Slipstream rather than normal mempool relay.
Why it matters
- cost The bill sits with the holder rather than the network, and at $150 it takes 1.5 percent of a $10,000 position against 0.0015 percent of a $10 million one, so only large balances can justify it.
- constraint Quantum-safe spending depends on a miner-direct submission route rather than ordinary relay, which puts availability and pricing in the hands of whoever operates that route.
- decision Custodians and large holders now have a quoted price to weigh against waiting for a quantum-resistant address standard, which turns the exposure into a budget question.
- precedent An opt-in defence that runs on Bitcoin as it exists weakens the argument that quantum resistance requires a fork, and hands fork sceptics a working example to cite.
Fitting inside 201 non-push opcodes and 10,000 bytes of legacy Script [4] is the load-bearing engineering choice here, because it routes around the slowest component of Bitcoin, which is agreement. The price of the detour is that expenses a soft fork would have spread across the network instead land on the individual spender, as $75 to $150 of off-chain computation per transaction on Crypto Briefing's estimate [15].
Set that against balance size. At the top of the quoted range, a single transaction costs 1.5 percent of a $10,000 position and 0.0015 percent of a $10 million one [14]. The same dollar figure is either a wealth tax or a rounding error depending on whose coins are moving, which is why the source calls it impractical for small amounts [10] and tolerable for seven- and eight-figure wallets [11]. The range itself spans a factor of two [16], which is what a cost estimate looks like before anyone has run the thing at volume.
The confirmation path deserves more attention than the cryptography. QSB transactions are nonstandard and will not be relayed by ordinary nodes in the usual way [5], so this one reached a miner through MARA Slipstream, a service built to carry nonstandard transactions past mempool relay constraints [7]. The signature scheme no longer leans on secp256k1 [6][3], but the spend does lean on a commercial route to hashpower. A holder buying quantum insurance is therefore buying two things at once, and only one of them is mathematics.
On the mathematics, the claim is a number rather than a guarantee of longevity: roughly 118-bit second pre-image resistance [12], built on Lamport-style hash-based signatures over RIPEMD-160 [3]. That replaces a weakness with a known shape, Shor's algorithm against elliptic curves [6], with a margin that has to hold for as long as the coins sit still.
StarkWare is running both tracks, and says so. Its June 2026 post-quantum roadmap for Starknet included collaborative work on BIP 360, a proposal for quantum-resistant address formats [13], which is the consensus route QSB was designed to avoid needing. Chief executive Eli Ben-Sasson described QSB itself as a "passion project" showing holders can protect assets now, at a cost, without waiting for protocol changes [8]. That is not the language of a product line, and the two-track behaviour reads as a company treating the no-fork path as cover for people who cannot wait rather than a substitute for the fork. The useful detail is that Avihu Levy, StarkWare's general manager of applications, published the concept with an open-source implementation in April 2026, with a colleague contributing and Robin Linus's Binohash work informing the design [2][9]. Cutting the overhead and making these transactions relay-compatible is now an engineering agenda anyone can pick up [17], which is the difference between a roadmap and a single transaction ID.
What to watch
- Whether QSB-style transactions become relayable by standard nodes, which would end the dependence on miner-direct submission.
- A published QSB cost under $10 per transaction, which would change who can rationally buy it.
- Movement on BIP 360, and whether a working no-fork option slows the case for the consensus route.
Clarity's read
What the record supports and how the coverage leans. The claims behind it follow.
Reality
- Evidence62
- Adoption5
- Hype gap+18
- Incentives50
- Confidence60
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Claim ledger
Ranked by verification strength, evidence, and original report placement.
- [1]
On August 26, 2026, StarkWare mined the first quantum-safe Bitcoin transaction on mainnet using the Quantum Safe Bitcoin (QSB) construction; the transaction ID 305a24ffea912b9cf428f29ebf952321c96dab5bab284fc0d0801562f5abab07 is on the Bitcoin blockchain.
- [2]
The QSB construction was developed by Avihu Levy, StarkWare's General Manager of Applications.
- [3]
QSB replaces elliptic-curve signatures with hash-based cryptography, specifically Lamport-style hash-based signatures that rely on RIPEMD-160 for pre-image resistance.
- [4]
The implementation fits within Bitcoin's existing legacy Script limits of 201 non-push opcodes and 10,000 bytes, requiring no consensus rule changes and no soft fork.
- [5]
QSB transactions are nonstandard and will not be relayed by regular Bitcoin nodes in the typical way.
- [6]
Bitcoin's security currently relies on elliptic-curve cryptography using the secp256k1 curve; a sufficiently powerful quantum computer running Shor's algorithm could theoretically derive a private key from an exposed public key.
- [7]
Getting the transaction mined required going directly through MARA Slipstream, a service that allows nonstandard transactions to reach miners without the usual mempool relay constraints.
- [8]
StarkWare CEO Eli Ben-Sasson called QSB a "passion project" that demonstrates Bitcoin holders can protect their assets from quantum threats right now, at a cost, without waiting for protocol-level changes.
ReportedSupportedSource: Eli Ben-Sasson, StarkWare CEO, via cryptobriefing.com4 sources— create a free account to open themView cited source - [9]
Levy first published the QSB concept alongside an open-source implementation in April 2026; the mainnet version incorporated contributions from StarkWare engineer Tomer Giladi and drew on ideas from Robin Linus's Binohash scheme.
- [10]
The cost makes QSB impractical for buying a coffee or moving small amounts.
- [11]
Cryptobriefing.com argues a user with a high-value wallet can move funds into a quantum-resistant construction today without waiting for network agreement, at a cost that is steep but not prohibitive for seven- or eight-figure holdings.
ReportedSupportedSource: cryptobriefing.com2 sources— create a free account to open themView cited source - [12]
The construction achieves approximately 118-bit second pre-image resistance.
- [13]
StarkWare announced a formal post-quantum roadmap for the Starknet ecosystem in June 2026, which also involved collaborative work on BIP 360, a Bitcoin Improvement Proposal focused on quantum-resistant address formats.
- [14]
At the top of the quoted range, one QSB transaction costs 1.5 percent of a $10,000 bitcoin position and 0.0015 percent of a $10 million position.
- [15]
A QSB transaction requires significant off-chain computation, with current estimates putting the processing cost between $75 and $150 per transaction.
- [16]
The quoted per-transaction cost estimate spans a factor of two from bottom to top.
- [17]
Scaling hash-based cryptographic constructions, reducing their computational overhead and eventually making them relay-compatible with standard Bitcoin infrastructure represent a clear research and engineering agenda.
ReportedInsufficientSource: cryptobriefing.com2 sources— create a free account to open themView cited source
Sources
4 independent publishers whose own reporting we read for this story.
- bankless.comBitcoin Fields Its First Quantum-Safe Transaction
1 article · August 27, 2026
- crowdfundinsider.comStarkWare Confirms First Quantum-Safe Bitcoin Spend on Mainnet, Without a Protocol Change
1 article · August 27, 2026
- cryptobriefing.comStarkWare enables first quantum-safe Bitcoin transaction on mainnet
1 article · August 26, 2026
- decrypt.coBitcoin Completes First Experimental Quantum-Safe Transaction, Starkware Says
1 article · August 27, 2026
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