Reading a cosmic-ray shower has always meant trusting a computer model of what happens in air. Last July the LHC made the collision those models start from, under conditions physicists chose.
Reality
- Evidence50
- Adoption
- Insufficient
- Hype gap+10
- Incentives55
- Confidence60
CERN crews have begun dismantling the LHC around ATLAS and CMS to swap its focusing magnets for niobium-tin ones about 40% stronger. The first replacement quadrupole is not due in the tunnel until the start of 2029.
Reality
- Evidence50
- Adoption
- Insufficient
- Hype gap+10
- Incentives45
- Confidence60
The LHC spent part of July 2025 colliding protons with oxygen nuclei to imitate a cosmic ray hitting air, and ATLAS's measurement is now finer than the disagreements among the seven codes used to model showers.
Reality
- Evidence62
- Adoption38
- Hype gap0
- Incentives45
- Confidence55
Entanglement had been confirmed in photons, electrons and trapped ions, all relatively long-lived systems. An Oxford-led team has now found it in Z bosons made inside the LHC's most violent collisions.
Reality
- Evidence55
- Adoption
- Insufficient
- Hype gap+30
- Incentives70
- Confidence52
The two bosons decay before any instrument can touch them, so the team read their spins from the angles of the leptons left behind in 13 trillion electron volt proton collisions. Physical Review Letters has the result.
Reality
- Evidence58
- Adoption
- Insufficient
- Hype gap+22
- Incentives66
- Confidence56
A Michigan-led ATLAS analysis claims world-best sensitivity to the Higgs boson interacting with itself, using machine learning on data already in hand, four years before the LHC upgrade.
Reality
- Evidence38
- Adoption26
- Hype gap+24
- Incentives64
- Confidence44