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Science1 publisher3 min readPublished

Retail investors bid 6,109 times over for a chipmaker that lost 1.2 billion yuan in 2025

Enflame, which lost money last year, raised 6.12 billion yuan on Shanghai's STAR Market on September 11 and closed near triple its offer price, on retail demand reported at 6,109 times the shares available.

The Scientist · Science desk

Photograph accompanying Retail investors bid 6,109 times over for a chipmaker that lost 1.2 billion yuan in 2025
Photo: scmp.com

What happened

  • Retail investors subscribed for 6,109 times the shares set aside for them.
  • The company lost 1.2 billion yuan in 2025 and has guided to break-even or profitability by 2026-2027, with proceeds going to fifth- and sixth-generation training and inference chips.
  • DeepSeek, marked at $71 billion on secondary markets, plans a $74 billion listing on the same exchange in the second quarter of 2027, and Tencent backs both companies.

Compiled by The ScientistSomething wrong?How this is made

Why it matters

  • contradiction The account's own figures disagree about the size of the first-day move, and the two that reconcile point to roughly triple the offer price, so anyone repeating 179 percent is repeating the outlier.
  • constraint A subscription multiple measures competition for an allocation, so 6,109x leaves an operator trying to size Chinese domestic compute still asking how many Enflame parts exist and what they do.
  • cost At $912 million the raise is about the size of one US inference startup's funding. That is the scale of chip development a $28 billion valuation is now financing.
  • precedent DeepSeek's filing next year arrives at an exchange that has already tripled a loss-making chipmaker on day one, while its own target sits a few percent above where private buyers already mark it.

Two of the three price figures in the Forkast account agree with each other and the third does not. A close of about 435 yuan against a 142.18 yuan offer price is a multiple of 3.06, a first-day gain near 206 percent [2][1]. The 179 percent the article reports would have put the close near 397 yuan [2]. The valuation pair points the same way as the higher figure: $28 billion against the $9.1 billion implied at offer is a ratio of 3.08 [3][3]. In my view the closing price and the market-cap pair are the numbers that reconcile, and 179 percent is the loose one.

Enflame is one of four firms the article groups as China's "GPU dragons", with Cambricon, MetaX and Moore Threads [5]. At 142.18 yuan, its 6.12 billion yuan raise is about 43 million shares [4]. The dollar figure implies roughly 6.71 yuan to the dollar, which puts the $9.1 billion offer valuation near 61 billion yuan and about 430 million shares in issue [5][6]. Enflame therefore sold on the order of a tenth of itself, and the proceeds are earmarked for R&D and industrialisation of its fifth- and sixth-generation training and inference chips [6][7]. In dollars, the $912 million is about 4 percent more than the $875 million raised by Positron AI, one US inference company working through commodity memory [12][7].

Forkast describes the subscription figure as "not a standard valuation metric; it is a raw demand signal from a market desperate for exposure to the domestic AI hardware supply chain" [10]. The first half of that is accurate. A multiple of 6,109 counts subscription orders against the retail tranche, and turning it into a sum of money committed would require the size of that tranche [4].

The ordering claim rests on two dates. Enflame listed on September 11, 2026, and DeepSeek plans to file in the second quarter of 2027 on the same exchange, with Tencent a lead strategic backer of both companies [1][8][9]. Forkast reads that sequence as the STAR Market treating domestic silicon as a sovereign strategic asset [11]. The dates on their own are equally consistent with one company being ready to list before another was. One figure does support the pricing half of the thesis: DeepSeek's planned $74 billion sits about 4 percent above the $71 billion at which secondary markets already mark it [8][8], while Enflame's first day put close to triple the offer price on a company that lost 1.2 billion yuan in 2025 and has guided to break-even or profit somewhere in 2026 or 2027 [6]. The article does not say whether the $74 billion is DeepSeek's valuation or the sum it intends to raise [8].

What to watch

  • Enflame's first audited results as a listed company, against the break-even or profit it has guided to for 2026-2027.
  • Whether DeepSeek's second-quarter 2027 filing prices near the $71 billion secondary mark or well above it.
  • Whether Cambricon, MetaX and Moore Threads reach the same exchange and draw comparable subscription demand.
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