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Every task OpenAI lists for its new mathematics panel is advice
The nine members get early access to OpenAI's research, work unpaid and are free to publish what they tell the company. The researchers who spoke to The Verge still cannot say what happens when they disagree with it.
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What happened
- OpenAI announced on Monday an independent nine-member panel of mathematicians to advise it and other AI companies on their interactions with mathematical research and the wider mathematics community.
- The members come from institutions including Stanford, Harvard, Oxford and Cambridge, and include multiple holders of Fields Medals and MacArthur grants.
- The group, called the Advisory Group on Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, will be hosted by the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
- OpenAI said the group will operate independently, may offer unsolicited advice, comment publicly on its impact on mathematics and make its advice public. What each of those involves went undescribed.
- The group's website says it came together after OpenAI approached some of its members about an external advisory board, after which the mathematicians decided to launch an independent group instead.
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Why it matters
- constraint Early sight lets the panel press on how a claim is worded and when it is announced. Whether it is announced stays with OpenAI.
- exposure Nine well-known names are now attached to results they see before release. If OpenAI publishes over their objection, they will already have seen the result.
- contradiction OpenAI describes a group it approached about an advisory board; Hairer says the body is genuinely independent and that not every member was contacted.
- precedent Other labs now have a worked template for outside review of research communication: unpaid members, and release decisions that stay with the company.
The mathematicians the group means to speak for found out when everyone else did. The Verge reported that its abrupt arrival caught many of them by surprise, and that researchers who called it a good first step were left asking how much influence it will have and whether OpenAI will actually listen [10][11]. Some also questioned whether nine prominent names can stand in for the wider community [12].
OpenAI's description of the job is the most specific thing on the record. "The group will advise on the review and communication of emerging results: they will help OpenAI assess their significance, advise on how to coordinate their dissemination, and advise on academic and professional standards of mathematical research," the company said. "It will also advise on how our tools can support mathematical research and learning." [8] That is four tasks, and every one of them is advice. The announcement does not give the panel authority to delay or withhold a result [1].
It does appear to give the panel early sight. The Verge reported that the group will be granted early access to OpenAI's research in order to fulfil its task [9]. Members are unpaid, and the group can change its own membership [6]. "Its value depends on its members being able to exercise their own judgement and challenge ours," OpenAI said [7].
An outside reviewer can affect a release two ways: by seeing it before it ships, and by being able to stop it shipping. Put those on two axes and there are four positions. AGMAI sits in the one with early sight and no stated stop. A group in that position cannot keep the result from going out. What it can shape is how the result is described and who is credited for the idea.
Martin Hairer, one of the members, published a blog post on Tuesday answering what he called a "torrent of misinformation" about how the group came together [17]. He acknowledged the approach came from OpenAI, said not all members had been contacted by the company, and described the result as "genuinely independent of OpenAI and any other of the so-called 'frontier' AI labs" [20]. On the alternative, he wrote that there is no sense in "taking a hard 'ostrich' approach of simply ignoring the AI labs and refusing to talk to them on principle" [19]. Which members OpenAI approached first, and how the others were chosen, is still undisclosed [16]. Simon Machado, a researcher at ETH Zurich, told The Verge the whole thing seemed "shrouded in mystery" [14].
The Verge's account places the panel after a run of spectacular mathematical results that became a reputational crisis for OpenAI [22], and reports that why the group was formed at all remains unclear [13]. Hairer wrote that "it is obvious that AI has already had a profound impact on mathematical research and raises numerous questions of correct attribution of ideas, priority, human understanding of ideas, etc." [18]
For a board like this, the test is narrower than independence: which artefact it can hold, and for how many days. Neither number appears in what OpenAI announced, so what has been built is a review of wording, and the board's only sanction is saying so in public. Hairer said that beyond "obvious confidentiality requirements" members have signed no restrictive agreements governing what they can say publicly, and that they work unpaid [21].
What to watch
- Whether AGMAI publishes advice OpenAI did not ask for, and whether OpenAI's next mathematical result cites it.
- Whether the group uses its power to change its own membership to widen beyond the nine.
- Whether any AI company other than OpenAI accepts advice from a group whose remit names other labs.